研究中国古城营建的仿生象物意匠。影响中国古城规划有如下三种思想体系：一、体现礼制的思想体系；二、《管子》为代表的重环境求实用的思想体系；三、追求天地人和谐合一的哲学思想体系。仿生象物意匠属于追求天地人和谐合一的哲学思想体系，具有中国传统文化特色，其渊源于古代生殖崇拜，图腾崇拜和风水观念。仿生象物的营造意匠可以分为：法人、仿生法动物、仿生法植物的意匠以及象物的意匠，即象非生物的，如琵琶形、船形、盘形、八卦形等。我国128座历史文化名城中，以仿生象物为意匠的竟有40座之多！仿生象物，是中国人的思维方式和行为特点，也是中国古城规划区别于外国城市的重要文化特色之一。%This paper studies on bionics and pictographs ideas of urban planning and construction in ancient China. There were three ideological systems which had influenced urban planning in ancient China as folows: ①.The ideological system embodying Ii Zhi; ②.The ideological system of paying attention to geographic situation, practice and function, of which, the representative being Guan Zi; ③.Philosophy system for harmony among The Universe, the Earth and mankind. The bionics and pictographs ideas are of the philosophy system. These ideas are of the distinguishing features of China’s traditional culture. It’s source is of the worship of reproduction, the worship of Totem and Feng Shui. These ideas can be devided into: folowing the man;folowing the animals; folowing plants; folowing the objects, such as, the shape of pipa, ship, disc, or the Eight Diagrams, and so on. Among 128 national historical cultural cities, there are 40 cities being of these ideas.Bionics and pictographs ideas are of mode of Chinese thinking and features of Chinese behaviour, and also being ancient China’s cultural characteristcs on urbam planning diferent from other countries.
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