自20世纪50年代以来，面对社会、经济形势的变化，历届底特律市政府实行了积极的改革措施，以图化解种族矛盾、稳定社会秩序、增加就业、促进产业升级与经济转型。然而，改革并没有获得预期的成效。究其原因，市政府在改革中未能妥善处理“洼地效应”、保障“沉默的大多数”的利益、规制基层政府的行为、消除种族政治的影响。它启示城市政府只有重视行政与改革的顶层设计，加强对基层政府的监督与管理，慎重处理城市发展中出现的民粹主义思潮，科学地解决城市的社会、经济问题，城市才能持续发展。%Since 1950s, the government of Detroit City carried out widespread reforms to solve the racial contradiction, stabilize the social order, improve employment opportunities and upgrade the economy. However, it didn’t work wel, because the government failed to deal with “Low-lying Land Effect”, protect the interests of “the Silent Majority”, control the grassroots government and avoid the influence of racial politics. Its failu resreflected the importance of Top-Level Design, grassroots government reform and the threat of Populism.
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