In order to give the reasonable width of seismic gaps, the maximum relative displacement between adjacent buildings was studied in this paper. The coefficient of maximum relative displacement was defined, then 100 earthquake records corresponding to stiff, medium stiff and soft soil sites were selected respectively to study the effects of the period ratio, height ratio, and displacement ductility coefficient ratio and soil site on the coefficient of maximum relative displacement. It can be found that the effects of the period ratio, height ratio, displacement ductility coefficient ratio on the coefficient of maximum relative displacement are distinctive, while the difference of the coefficient of maximum relative displacement for the three types of soil sites is small, and it can be concluded that the effects of different sites can be ignored. For convenient of application, formulas for the coefficient of maximum relative displacement were obtained via data fitting. Utilizing the proposed formulas, the maximum relative displacement between adjacent structures can be calculated and then the theoretical width of seismic gaps can be obtained for seismic design.%为确定合理的防震缝宽度，对地震作用下相邻结构的最大相对位移进行研究。定义最大相对位移系数，并选取对应于硬土、中硬土、软土场地条件下的实际地震动记录各100条，讨论相邻结构周期比、高度比、位移延性系数比以及场地条件对最大相对位移系数的影响作用。通过研究发现，最大相对位移系数受相邻结构的周期比、高度比、位移延性系数比的影响较为显著；不同场地条件下最大相对位移系数差别不大，可近似忽略场地条件对最大相对位移系数的影响作用。为便于工程应用，拟合了相邻结构最大相对位移系数计算公式，利用该计算公式，可求得地震作用下相邻结构的最大相对位移，并为抗震设计中确定相邻结构的防震缝宽度提供理论依据。
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