为优化综放支架选型与设计，对不同煤层条件下综放支架顶梁外载及其合力作用点位置分布规律进行了研究，根据不同硬度顶煤变形和垮落特征的不同，给出了软及中硬煤层条件下综放支架顶梁外载和合力作用点计算式，并得到实例验证.研究结果表明顶梁外载的大小和作用位置与煤层的强度有关，同等条件下，顶煤越硬，顶梁外载越大，合力作用点越靠后.在软及中硬煤层，支架顶梁外载合力作用位置主要分布在距顶梁末端1.3~2.6 m范围内.%In order to optimize the selection and design of fully mechanized caving support, the distribution laws of external loads and the application point of resultant force on roof beam of the support under different coal seam conditions were studied. According to the deformation and caving characteristics of top coal with different hardness,the calculating formulas of external loads and the application point of resultant force on the roof beam of support under soft and medi-um-hard coal seam conditions were achieved,and the formulas were verified by practices. The re-search results showed that the magnitude of external loads and the application point of resultant force were influenced by the hardness of coal seam. On equal conditions,the magnitude of exter-nal loads was increased with the increasing of the hardness of top coal,meanwhile the application point moved further from rib. In the soft and middle-hard coal seam,the application point of ex-ternal loads'resultant force was located in a range of 1.3~2.6 m to the roof beam's end side.
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