Objective Retrospectively analyzing the incidence and pathogenesis of Temporaromandibular Joint Disorders in department of neurosurgery after surgery, exploring the related therapeutic effect. Methods The patients of study are selected from 2010 to 2014 years in the Department of Neurosurgery of our hospital who underwent frontal temporal craniotomy, statistic the incidence of Temporomandibular Joint Disorders after operation. And by magnetic resonance calculating the temporal muscle volume, analysising the causes of temporomandibular dysfunction. Results Temporomandibular Joint Disorders occurred after the frontal temporal decompressive craniectomy, the situation is significantly higher than the other operation. The detection of temporal muscle volume (the volume of muscle), the occurrence of temporomandibular dysfunction in patients with muscle thickness lower than 5mm, the control group is higher than the 3mm, temporal muscle volume was lower than that in control group 52%. Two patients in the control group there were significant differences (P<0.05). Conclusion Preoperative patients with dealing with the comprehensive consideration, in order to reduce the incidence of temporalis cut off phenomenon, and will be reset by the temporal muscle.%目的：回顾性分析研究神经外科术后颞下颌功能紊乱的发病情况、发病机制，探讨相关治疗效果。方法本研究选择的对象为2010～2014年于我院神经外科经额颞行开颅手术患者，统计术后存在颞下颌功能紊乱发生情况。并以磁共振计算颞肌容积，分析颞下颌功能紊乱发生的原因。结果行额颞去骨瓣减压患者，发生颞下颌功能紊乱的情况高于其它手术。检测颞肌容积（肌肉所占体积），发生颞下颌功能紊乱患者肌肉厚度均值低于5 mm，对照组高出3 mm，颞肌容积较对照组低52%。两组患者对照存在显著性差异（P ＜0.05）。结论患者在手术前应对其进行综合考虑，以此来降低颞肌切断现象的发生率，并将颞肌进行复位。
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