运用权变评价法(CVM)调查北京居民对降低PM2.5健康风险的支付意愿,结果表明居民为PM2.5年平均浓度降低30%、45%和60%的平均支付意愿分别71.60元/月、85.66元/月和94.31元/月.基于结构方程模型,以风险特征、风险情绪、风险沟通3个维度衡量风险认知,构建风险认知与支付意愿相关模型,分析表明风险认知对支付意愿的影响系数为0.37；风险认知3个维度中风险情绪反映度最高,负荷量为0.95,且风险情绪中“现实满意度”影响最显著,负荷量为0.71；风险特征中PM2.5健康风险发生可能性、后果严重性影响程度最高,负荷量均为0.85；个人特征能直接或通过风险认知间接影响支付意愿,总影响系数为0.47,且个人特征中受教育程度与收入表现出强共变性,共变系数为0.67.%Resident’s willingness to pay (WTP) for reductions of health risks caused by PM2.5 were investigated in Beijing by using contingent valuation method (CVM). The WTP for reducing the annual average concentration of PM2.5 was 71.60 yuan/month, 85.66 yuan/month and 94.31 yuan/month for a reduction of 30%, 45%, and 60%, respectively. Based on structure equation model and by using risk characteristic, risk emotion and risk communication as three dimensions to reflect risk perception, a theoretical model of the relationship between WTP and risk perception was constructed. The results showed that the impact factor of risk perception on WTP was 0.37. Among the three variables used to reflect risk perception, the loading of risk emotion was the highest, which was 0.95. Reality satisfaction was the most significant factor in risk emotion, the influence coefficient was 0.71. The likelihood of health risks and the severity of the consequences had the greatest impact on risk characteristic, with a factor loading of 0.85. The individual features have a direct influence on WTP, it also affect WTP indirectly by way of risk perception. The total impact factor was 0.47. Education and income had a strong correlation, the covariant coefficient was 0.67.
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