在适当设定湖泊富营养化指标"基准值"的情况下，用相对于"基准值"的指标相对值替换 Carlson 指数公式中的指标值，公式中的系数可视为与指标特性无关.采用遗传算法对公式中的待定系数进行优化，得到对多项指标都通用的富营养化的普适Carlson指数公式.并用折衷型激励功效函数法对单项指标Carlson指数赋权，计算综合指数.公式己被用于我国50多个湖泊、水库的营养状态评价,证实了其正确性.该公式计算简单，使用方便，具有客观性、可比性和通用性.%Based on the hypothesis of "base values" of lake eutrophication indexes, the index value of a universal Carlson's index formula, in which coefficients are independent of the characters of indexes, was replaced by the related to the base value of indexes. Optimum for coefficient to be determined in formula was carried out using genetic algorithm to derive a universal Carlson's index formula commonly used multiple item index. The comprehensive index can be calculated in the aid of the compromise active function weighting for single item Carlson's indexes. The correctness of formula was verified by using it to assess the eutrophic states of more than 50 lakes and reservoirs in China. This formula is simple in calculation, and convenient for use; and possesses generality,comparability and objectivity.
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