Human civilization developed to agricultural civilization of exploring the nature from barbaric primitive civilization, and then experienced the industrial civilization of transforming nature. In the process of evolution of human civilization, the destruction of the natural environment is accompanied by. Although until now the human material civilization development to a higher level, the natural environment has been damaged seriously. Faced with this situation, we urgently need a kind of civilization development pattern of harmony with nature, this is the requirement which we based on and put forward the concept of ecological civilization. Urban and rural greening plays a very important role in ecological civilization construction. This paper mainly discussed the main functions and benefits of urban greening in the construction of ecological civilization.%人类文明从蒙昧的原始文明发展到了探索自然的农业文明，然后经历了改造自然的工业文明。在人类文明不断演进的过程，伴随着的是对自然环境的破坏，虽然到如今人类的物质文明发展到了一个较高的高度，但是自然环境也被破坏到了一个相当严重的地步。面对这样的情况，就迫切的需要一种能够与自然和谐共进的文明发展模式，基于这样的要求提出了生态文明的理念，在生态文明建设中城乡绿化有着十分重要的作用，文中主要就生态文明建设中城乡绿化的主要作用及效益进行探讨。
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