目的 探讨通过改进护理方法预防矫正器持续牵引矫正乳头内陷术后乳头损伤及坏死的发生率.方法 采用询证文献报道、加强临床观察、开展医护深入讨论合作、改进术后换药方法及时机、规范护理操作流程等措施,应用于2016年5月～2018年10月在我院接受持续牵引矫正乳头内陷术的115例(211侧乳头)患者.总结改进措施,并评价其治疗效果,以及对术后乳头皮肤破损及乳头坏死等并发症的预防作用.结果 115例(211侧乳头)患者内陷乳头均得到良好矫正,患者对矫正效果满意;28侧乳头发生皮肤破损,经7～15d护理后均痊愈,无乳头坏死发生.结论 降低矫正器基底对乳头的摩擦力和剪切力,可预防矫正器持续牵引矫正乳头内陷术后乳头皮肤损伤,促进乳头血液循环可预防术后乳头坏死;改进后的护理措施可有效预防乳头破损及乳头坏死发生率,值得临床推广应用.%Objective To investigate the incidence of nipple injury and necrosis after correction of nipple retraction by improved nursing method. Methods Investigate literature reports, strengthen clinical observation, conduct in-depth discussion and cooperation in medical care, improve post-medication method, timely machine, standardize nursing operation procedures, etc., and apply it to our hospital for continuous traction from May 2016 to October 2018. 115 patients (211 nipples) who corrected nipple retraction. Summarize the improvement measures, and evaluate the therapeutic effect, as well as the prevention of postoperative nipple skin damage and nipple necrosis. Results 115 patients (211 nipples) had good correction of the invaginated nipples. The patients were satisfied with the correction effect. The 28 nipples suffered skin damage. After 7 to 15 days of nursing, they all recovered and no nipple necrosis occurred. Conclusion Reducing the friction and shearing force of the sacral base on the nipple can prevent the scalp skin damage after the correction of the nipple retraction and promote the nipple blood circulation to prevent postoperative nipple necrosis. The improved nursing measures can effectively prevent The incidence of nipple breakage and nipple necrosis is worthy of clinical application.
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