目的 探讨以Cameron适时理论为基础的全程干预模式在慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)患者中的运用效果.方法 选择2016年4月～2017年3月在攀钢总医院住院的COPD患者139例为研究对象,按照患者住院时间不同分为对照组(67例)和干预组(72例),对照组实施常规护理干预,干预组实施以Cameron适时理论为基础的全程干预模式.采用家属照顾者照顾能力问卷(FCTI)、西雅图慢性肺疾病调查问卷(SOLDQ)对干预前后患者家属的照顾能力和患者生活质量进行评价.比较两组患者急性发作、就医情况和住院次数.结果 干预后1、3个月,两组患者家属在适应照顾角色、应变及提供协助、处理个人情绪、评估家人及社区资源、调整生活以满足照顾需求得分均明显高于干预前,干预组明显高于对照组,干预组生理功能、情绪功能、应对技能、护理满意度4个维度得分均明显高于对照组,差异均有高度统计学意义(P＜ 0.01).重复测量方差分析显示,干预组FCTI各维度得分呈现持续下降趋势,在SOLDQ的各维度得分呈现持续增强趋势.干预组COPD患者在急性发作次数、急诊就医次数及住院次数均明显低于对照组,差异有高度统计学意义(P＜0.01).结论 以Cameron适时理论为基础的全程干预模式能有效提升COPD患者家属的疾病照顾能力,改善患者生活质量和降低急性发作风险.%Objective To explore the effects of the whole intervention model based on Cameron timely theory in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD).Methods From April 2016 to March 2017,139 cases of COPD patients in Pangang General Hospital of Panzhihua City were selected as research objects and divided into the control group (67 cases) and the intervention group (72 cases) by admission time.The control group was given routine nursing care and the intervention group was given the whole intervention model based on Cameron timely intervention theory.The family caregiver task inventory (FCTI) and Seattle obstructive lung disease questionnaire (SOLDQ) were used to assess the care ability of the family caregivers and the life quality of the patients respectively.The acute attack,treatment conditions and hospitalization time in the two groups were compared.Reselts After intervention of 1 month and 3 months,the scores of all dimensions of FCTI such as care role,strain and provide assistance,handle personal emotions,assess family and community resources and adjust life to meet care needs in the two goups were all higher than those of before intervention,the scores above in the intervention group were all higher than those of control group.The physiological function,emotional function,coping skills and ntursing satisfaction of SOLDQ in the intervention group were all higher than those of conrol group,with highly statistically significant differences (P ＜ 0.01).The repeated measurement of variance analysis showed that the scores of all dimensions of FCTI in the intervention group were continuously decreasing,and the scores of all dimensions SOLDQ were continuously increasing.The acute attack,treatment conditions and hospita-lization time in the intervention group were lower than those of control group,with highly statistically significant differences (P ＜ 0.01).Conclusion The whole intervention model based on Cameron timely theory can effectively improve the caregivers' care ability,pomote the patients' life quality and reduce the risk of acute attack.
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