目的 了解遵义市桐梓县农村慢性病老年人的生命质量状况,并探讨其影响因素.方法 采用整群随机抽样方法确定调查对象.于2016年7～9月,使用欧洲五维度健康量表(EQ-5D)对304例桐梓县农村慢性病老年人的生命质量进行评价,并根据一般人口学特征探讨其生命质量的影响因素.结果 桐梓县农村慢性病老年人EQ-5D健康指数为(0.70±0.13)分,EQ-VAS得分为(61.87±10.41)分.单因素方差分析结果表明,不同劳动状况、慢性病情况的慢性病老年人EQ-5D指数和EQ-VAS得分差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).多元线性回归分析表明,行动能力维度影响因素是劳动状况情况和体育锻炼(P＜0.05);自我照顾维度的影响因素是劳动状况和子女陪伴情况(P＜0.05);日常活动维度的影响因素是年龄和患慢性病情况(P＜0.05);疼痛或不舒服维度的影响因素主要为婚姻状况以及患慢性病情况(P＜0.05);焦虑或抑郁维度的影响因素为体育锻炼和子女陪伴情况(P＜0.05).结论 农村慢性病老年人的生命质量较差,其主要影响因素有慢性病、子女陪伴情况、劳动情况、婚姻状况、体育锻炼情况,加强农村老年人慢性病的防治是提高其生命质量的重要途径.%Objective To investigate the life quality of rural elderly patients with chronic diseases in Tongzi County of Zunyi City,and to explore its influencing factors.Methods Cluster random sampling method was used to select survey respondents.The life quality of 304 rural older people with chronic diseases in Tongzi County were investigated by EQ-5D from July to September in 2016.The influencing factors of life quality according to general demography characteristics were discussed.Results EQ-5D index and mean score of EQ-VAS among rural elderly people with chronic diseases in Tongzi County were (0.70±0.13) and (61.87±10.41) points.Univariate analysis showed that there were statistically significant differences in EQ-5D index and EQ-VAS score among the elderly with different labor situation and chronic diseases (P ＜ 0.05).The multiple-linear regression analysis showed that labor situation and physical exercise were influencing factor of action capability (P ＜ 0.05);labor situation and offspring's company were influencing factors of self-care (P ＜ 0.05);ages and suffered from chronic diseases were influencing factors of daily activities (P ＜0.05);marital status and suffered from chronic diseases were influencing factors of pain/discomfort (P ＜ 0.05);physical exercise and offspring's company were influencing factors of anxiety/depression (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion The rural elderly with chronic diseases have poorer quality of life.The influencing factors include chronic illness,offspring's company,labor situation,marital status,physical exercise.An important way to improve the quality of life of the rural elderly with chronic diseases is to strengthen the prevention and treatment of chronic diseases.
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