目的 探讨体重指数及年龄对人工关节置换术后下肢深静脉血栓(DVT)形成的影响.方法 回顾性分析2015年5月～2016年8月青海省人民医院收治的96例行关节置换患者的临床资料,按照有无发生DVT,将其分为DVT组(45例)和无DVT组(51例).比较两组患者体重指数(BMI)和年龄的构成比.结果 96例人工关节置换中,45例患者发生DVT,发生率为46.88％.其中单髋关节置换术后DVT的发生率较低(12.5％),单侧、双侧膝关节置换术后DVT发病率均较高(65.00％、80.66％).DVT组非肥胖患者构成比显著低于无DVT组,DVT组病理性肥胖、肥胖及超重患者构成比明显高于无DVT组,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05).DVT组≤40岁患者构成比明显低于无DVT组,DVT组中＞40～60岁、＞60～70岁及＞70岁患者构成比均高于无DVT组,差异均有统计学意义(P＜ 0.05).结论 体重指数和年龄是人工关节置换术后DVT的高危因素,故对于肥胖及高龄的人工关节置换术后患者,应加强DVT的预防,尽早预防肺栓塞的发生.%Objective To explore the effect of body mass index (BMI) and age on the deep venous thrombosis (DVT) of lower extremity after artificial joint replacement.Methods From May 2015 to August 2016,96 clinical data of patients underwent artificial joint replacement in Qinghai Province People's Hospital were reviewed retrospectively and divided into DVT group (45 cases) and non-DVT group (51 cases).The proportion of BMI and age were compared between the two groups.Results A total of 45 cases of patients in artificial joint replacement occurred DVT,the incidence was 46.88％.The incidence of DVT in single hip arthroplasty was low (12.5％) and that in unilateral and bilateral knee arthroplasty were higher (65.00％,80.66％).The proportion of non-obese patients in DVT group was lower than that of non-DVT group,and the proportion of pathological obesity,obesity and overweight were higher than those of non-DVT group,with statistically significant difference (P ＜ 0.05).The age proportion of ≤40 patients in DVT group was less than that of non-DVT group,and the proportion of ＞40-60,＞60-70 and ＞70 were higher in DVT group than those of non-DVT group,with statistically significant difference (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion BMI and age are the two risk factors of DVT to patients underwent artificial joint replacement.The prevention of DVT should be enhanced to prevent the occurrence of pulmonary embolism in the treatment of artificial joint replacement,especially for the obese and elderly patients.
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