Although percutaneous coronary intervention treatment restores normal epicardial flow, a substantial amount of microvascular damage remains and affects patient prognosis. The index of microcirculatory resistance is a well vali-dated, stable and quantitative measure of microvasculature function. IMR has been shown to have prognostic value in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction in recent studies. At the same time, it provides further sight into the physiology of cardiovascular diseases and has the potential to be a therapeutic target of cardiovascular diseases. This review discusses the measurement of IMR, and its usefulness in various clinical settings.%尽管经皮冠状动脉介入治疗使其心外膜动脉血流正常，但仍有相当一部分患者存在微循环血管功能障碍影响患者预后。因此，微循环的评估成为关键问题。近年来，微循环阻力指数（IMR）被证实是一种可靠的定量评估微循环功能的方法。多项研究显示IMR在ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者具有预后价值，同时为心血管疾病生理机制提供更多参考依据，并有望成为心血管疾病治疗靶目标。本文就IMR的测量及目前临床应用研究进展做一综述。
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