目的 探讨水中分娩的入水时机.方法 选择2010年1~12月单胎、足月、头位,自愿行水中分娩的初产妇400例,按单双号进行分组,A组在 3 cm≤宫口扩张＜5 cm入水,B组在5 cm≤宫口扩张＜9 cm入水,比较两组产妇第Ⅰ、Ⅱ产程时间、产后失血量及会阴裂伤程度.结果 B组第Ⅰ、Ⅱ产程时间分别为(228±102)min、(40±27)min,A组第Ⅰ、Ⅱ产程时间分别为(307±110)min、(68±42)min,B组较A组第Ⅰ、Ⅱ产程时间明显缩短,差异有高度统计学意义(P < 0.01),产后失血量B组为(185±65)mL,A组为(199±81)mL,B组较A组降低,但差异无统计学意义(P ＞ 0.05),B组200例中会阴完整152例,会阴Ⅰ度裂伤38例,会阴Ⅱ度裂伤10例,A组200例中会阴完整159例,会阴Ⅰ度裂伤34例,会阴Ⅱ度裂伤7例,均无会阴Ⅲ度裂伤,两组比较差异无统计学意义(P ＞ 0.05).结论 选择在宫口开大5 cm以后进入水中分娩池可明显缩短第Ⅰ、Ⅱ产程时间,产后失血量降低,是最佳入水时机.%Objective To investigate the time of water delivery into the water. Methods From January 2010 to December 2010, one child, full-term, head position, voluntary action in the water delivery primipara 400 cases, grouped according to odd and even numbers, A group in the 3 cm ≤ dilatation of cervix <5 cm into the water, B group 5 cm ≤dilatation of cervix <9 cm into the water, compared two groups of first I , II labor time, blood loss and post-degree perineal laceration. Results B Group I , II of labor was significantly shorter, the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.01), postpartum blood loss was lower than in group A, but the difference was not statistically significant (P > 0.05), two degree perineal laceration was no differences (P > 0.05). Conclusion Select cervix dilatation 5 cm into the water after the birth pool can significantly shorten the first and second stage of labor, reduce postpartum blood loss, it is the best time into the water.
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