目的：探讨老年患者下呼吸道感染临床特征。方法回顾分析2012年1月～2014年12月260例老年下呼吸道感染患者的一般资料、临床症状、主要体征、实验室检查结果、胸部影像学表现、病程进展以及疾病转归，对比分析年龄≥60岁老年的患者（观察组）与年龄＜60岁中青年患者（对照组）的临床特点。结果260例下呼吸道感染在观察组患者50例（57.69%），对照组患者110例（42.31%）。观察组患者存在基础性疾病75.33%、临床表现非呼吸系统症状36.00%、隐袭起病53.33%、双肺病变37.33%、胸腔积夜24.67%、住院时间（17.12±4.70） d、死亡6.67%高于对照组的27.27%、13.64%、16.36%、12.73%、4.54%、（11.95±4.13）d、0.91%；白细胞异常58.00%低于对照组的89.09%（P＜0.05）。结论老年下呼吸道感染发病率高，应掌握其特点，进行相关检查以尽早确诊，对其治疗在兼顾整体观念及个体化原则的同时，及时采取以抗感染为核心的综合治疗。%Objective To study the clinical characteristics of lower respiratory tract infection in elderly patients. Methods To randomly analyze the general data,clinical symptoms,cardinal signs,laboratory results, chest imaging characteristics,progress of disease course,disease development of 260 elderly patients with lower respiratory tract infection,to contradistinctive analyze the clinical characteristics between observation group of greater than or equal to 60 years elderly patients, and control group of less than 60 years young and middle-aged patients. Results Of the 266 patients with lower respiratory tract infection, there were 50(57.69%) cases in observation group and 110(42.31%) cases in control group.The basic diseases, the clinical manifestations of non-respiratory system symptom,the insidious onset,the double lung lesions, the pleural effussion,the hospitalization time, the mortality in observation group[75.33%,36.00%,53.33%, 37.33%,24.67%,(17.12±4.70)d,6.67%] were higher than which in control group [27.27%,13.64%,16.36%,12.73%, 4.54%,(11.95±4.13)d,0.91%],the leukocyte disorder in observation group(58.00%) was lower than which in control group(89.09%),the differences were statically significant (P<0.05). Conclusion Gerontal lower respiratory tract infection has higher incidence, the characteristics of which should be grasped to make interrelated inspection to diagnose early,should be treated consideration to concept wholism and individual principle at the same time, should be adopted by combined therapy by the core of anti-infection.
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