The mining development is closely related to human civilization .According to the scale and level of mineral resources development and utilization ,the allocation of mineral resources and the relationship between mineral resources development and environmental protection ,the development of global mining is divided into four stages ,primary stage ,predatory stage ,sustainable stage and intelligentized stage ,with special characteristics .The main feature of the sustainable development stage is that the mining is a technology intensive industry ,it is green development ,the allocation of mineral resources is dominated by the market ,and the utilization of mineral resources is efficient and reasonable .At present ,China mining is in the transition period from the second to the third ,and faces many opportunities such as self-digestion period , adjustment period ,accumulation period ,expansion period and transition period ,and challenges such as outdated ideas ,backward technology and equipment ,poor international competitiveness and large-scale labor transfer .%矿业发展与人类文明息息相关.根据人类对矿产资源的开发利用规模和水平、矿产资源的配置方式和矿产资源开发与环境保护的关系将全球矿业发展分为四个阶段:初始发展阶段、掠夺发展阶段、共赢发展阶段和智能发展阶段,每个阶段都具有各自的特点.共赢发展阶段的主要特点是矿业是技术密集型产业,是绿色发展的,资源配置方式是以市场为主导,资源利用是高效合理的.目前,我国处于由第二个阶段向第三个阶段过渡的时期,我国矿业发展面临着自我消化期、调整期、蓄力期、扩张期和转型期等机遇,同时面临着理念陈旧、技术设备落后、国际竞争力差和大规模劳动力转移等挑战.
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