To meet the challenge of the Chinese Continental Scientific Drilling Project (CCSD) ,it is necessary to develop ultra‐high temperature drilling fluid .This paper chemically created the best thickening agent which is VIS‐H by comparing the principle of several agents ,then determination of proper bentonite dosage;selected the film forming agent LockSeal ,filtrate loss controller SHR ,then further screening the other agents and built the ultra‐high temperature water‐based drilling fluid system .Evaluated comprehensive performance of this system in laboratory ,the results shown that this system have good temperature‐resistance at 240℃ ;it may give us some guidance for future ultra‐deep wells scientific drilling .%为了迎接当前大陆科学钻探（CCSD ）逐步向深层次钻井的挑战，需要研发高温钻井液体系。本文通过对比多种处理剂的作用原理，评价优选出了抗高温钻井液用增黏护胶剂V IS‐H ，进一步确定钠基膨润土加量；筛选高温成膜封堵剂Lockseal、降滤失剂SHR和其他处理剂，建立了抗高温水机钻井液体系配方。室内对该体系综合性能进行评价，评价结果表明该体系抗温性能良好，在240℃高温老化后仍能保持较稳定的流变性能和较低的滤失量，且具有较强的抑制性、较高的滚动回收率和低摩阻。该成果对超深井科学钻探具有指导意义。
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