Objective To compare the clinical effect of percutaneous vertebroplasty (PVP) and non-surgery in the treatment of osteoporosis vertebral compressed fractures (OVCFs). Methods The relevant literatures on treating OCVFs both home and abroad were searched.These literatures were sieved and data were collected based on inclusion and ex-clusion criteria.Software of Review Manager 5.0 was used for Meta-analysis.The fixed number of years of searching last-ed from January 2000 to September 2014. Results There were 6 articles with randomized controlled trials (RCT) in-cluded.Meta-analysis indicated that in comparison with non-surgical therapy,PVP could greatly alleviate pain in an early periodand a long term (MD=-1.88,95%CI was from-3.20 to-0.57,P=0.005;MD=-1.39,95%CI was from-2.10 to-0.69,P=0.001).There was no statistical difference in RDQ functional score or EQ-5D living quality score (MD=-0.43,95%CI was from -2.15 to 1.28,P=0.62;MD=0.11,95%CI was from -0.77 to 0.30,P=0.23).Besides,differences of newly-occurred vertebral fracture rate and adjacent vertebral fracture rate did not display statistical significance,either (RR=1.22,95%CI was from 0.72 to 2.08,P=0.47;RR=2.07,95%CI was from 0.95 to 4.45,P=0.07). Conclusion In the treatment of OVCFs,PVP is a safe and effective therapeutic method and can obtain favorable clinical effect.%目的：对比经皮椎体成形术(PVP)和非手术治疗骨质疏松性椎体压缩骨折(OVCFs)的临床效果。方法全面检索国内外关于OVCFs治疗的相关文献，按照纳入和排除标准筛选文献并提取数据，用Review Manager 5.0软件进行Meta分析。检索年限院2000年1月~2014年9月。结果共纳入6篇随机对照研究。 Meta分析结果表明院与非手术治疗相比，PVP在术后的早期和长期均可以明显缓解疼痛(MD=-1.88，95豫CI为-3.20~-0.57，P=0.005；MD=-1.39，95豫CI为-2.10~-0.69，P=0.001)，但是在RDQ功能评分和EQ-5D生活质量评分方面差异无统计学意义(MD=-0.43，95豫CI为-2.15~1.28，P=0.62；MD=0.11，95豫CI为-0.77~0.30，P=0.23)，并且在新发椎体骨折率和邻近椎体骨折率方面差异亦无统计学意义(RR=1.22，95豫CI为0.72~2.08，P=0.47；RR=2.07，95豫CI为0.95~4.45，P=0.07)。结论对于骨质疏松椎体压缩骨折，经皮椎体成形术是一种安全有效的治疗方法，能取得不错的临床效果。
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