In this article, the fly ash, gypsum, stone dust and sand were used as raw materials and they were processed into autoclaved fly ash brick of high performance by PLC system blends, stirring, grinding, molding and autoclaving. The process conditions and the producing processes were optimized by studying the effects of different raw materials and the related conditions. The physical properties of fly ash brick were discussed and the products with high performances were produced in cost saving conditions. The microstructure of fly ash brick and its growth rule were also discussed in the article. The products were characterized according to JC239-2001 standard. The results of its best sample are: compressive strength 25.5MPa, flexural strength 5.1MPa, bulk density 1650~1700kg/m3, compressive strength after freezing 25.5MPa, mass loss 0.8% and water absorption rate 9.0%. SEM shows that there were large amount of fiber shape phases generated and they interleaved together, making a flower shape network structure. This gave the autoclaved fly ash brick excellent physical chemistry properties.%本文研究了以粉煤灰、石膏、石粉、淤沙为原料,经过PLC系统混料、搅拌、研磨、成型、蒸压等工艺制备高性能蒸压粉煤灰砖的工艺过程.通过研究不同原料的比例及其条件影响,优化了工艺条件,优选出最佳配方及其生产工艺.探讨了粉煤灰砖的物理性能,在节约成本的同时合成了使用性能优越的制品.研究了粉煤灰砖微观结构以及生长规律.按照标准JC239-2001对制品进行表征,显示其最优指标抗压强度为25.5MPa、抗折强度为5.1MPa、容重1 650～1 700kg/m3、冻后抗压强度20.5MPa、冻后质量损失0.8％、吸水率9.0％.SEM表征分析表明,微观结构显示了大量的纤维形状物相的生成,相互交织在一起,形成了一种具有花瓣形式的网络结构,使该蒸压粉煤灰砖具有优越的物理化学性能.
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