OBJECTIVE:To observe the efficacy and safety of doxofylline combined with ceftazidime in the treatment of elder-ly patients with chronic emphysema. METHODS:Data of 78 elderly patients with ceftazidime was collected and divided into single drug group(31 cases)and combined medication group(47 cases)according to different treatment methods. All patients adopted flu-id infusion,oxygen inhalation and nutrition support. Based on it,single drug group received 0.05 g Doxofylline injection,once ev-ery 12 h. Combined medication group additionally received 1.0 g Ceftazidime for injection,once every 12 h. If the symptoms were out of control,20 mg prednisone was given,twice a day. The courses of 2 groups were 10 d. Total efficacy,pulmonary functions [maximum mid-expiratory flow(MMEF),1s forced expiratory volume percent predicted(FEV1%),peak expiratory flow(PEF)] before and after treatment,American Concise Health Survey Questionnaire(SF-36 scale)(QLS)and the incidence of adverse reac-tions in 2 groups were observed. RESULTS:The total effective rate in combined medication group was significantly higher than sin-gle drug group,the difference was statistically significant (P0.05). After treatment,MMEF,FEV1%,PEF and QLS scores in 2 groups were significantly higher than before,and combined medication group MMEF,FEV1%、PEF were higher than single drug group,the difference was statistically significant (P0.05). And there was no significant difference in the incidence of adverse reactions in 2 groups (P>0.05). CONCLUSIONS:Based on conventional treatment,doxofylline combined with ceftazidime shows better efficacy than doxofylline alone in the treat-ment of elderly patients with chronic emphysema,it can improve pulmonary functions,with better safety.%目的：观察多索茶碱联合头孢他啶治疗老年慢性肺气肿的疗效和安全性。方法：回顾性收集78例老年肺气肿患者资料，按用药的不同分为单药组（31例）和联合用药组（47例）。所有患者均给予补液、吸氧、营养支持等常规治疗。在此基础上，单药组患者给予多索茶碱注射液0.05 g，q12 h，缓慢静脉注射。联合用药组患者在单药组治疗的基础上给予注射用头孢他啶1.0 g，q12 h，静脉注射。疗效欠佳者，酌情加用泼尼松片20 mg，每日2次。两组疗程均为10 d。观察两组患者的临床疗效，治疗前后肺功能[最大呼气中段流量（MMEF）、第1 s用力呼气容积占预计值百分比（FEV1％）、最大呼气峰流速（PEF）]、美国简明健康状况调查问卷（SF-36）量表（QLS）评分及不良反应发生情况。结果：联合用药组患者总有效率显著高于单药组，差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。治疗前，两组患者MMEF、FEV1％、PEF、QLS评分比较，差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）。治疗后，两组患者MMEF、FEV1％、PEF、QLS评分均显著高于同组治疗前，且联合用药组MMEF、FEV1％、PEF高于单药组，差异均有统计学意义（P＜0.05），但组间QLS评分比较差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）。两组患者不良反应发生率比较，差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）。结论：在常规治疗的基础上，多索茶碱联合头孢他啶治疗老年慢性肺气肿的疗效优于单用多索茶碱，可改善肺功能，且安全性较好。
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