以丙烯腈-丁二烯-苯乙烯共聚物(ABS)树脂为基体,稻草纤维为填充材料,在不添加偶联剂的情况下,通过模压成型法制备了ABS/稻草纤维木塑复合材料.采用万能力学试验机、热失重分析仪、扫描电子显微镜、凝胶渗透色谱仪、旋转流变仪研究了模压温度和纤维含量对ABS/稻草纤维木塑复合材料性能的影响.结果表明,ABS/稻草纤维木塑复合材料的最佳模压温度和最佳纤维比例分别为170℃和100/30;当模压温度为210℃时,稻草纤维碳化严重,其表面硅制层脱落,纤维与树脂的界面结合强度降低,但纤维呈致密的网状结构,有利于冲击应力的吸收;ABS的相对分子质量随模压温度的升高而减小,树脂基体冲击性能增强;当模压温度为170～190℃、纤维含量为30～40份时,纤维在树脂基体中的强度和分散性较好,力学性能较高.%Acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer (ABS)/straw fiber composites were prepared by compression molding without using coupling agents,and effects of molding temperature and fiber content on their properties were investigated by universal mechanical testing machine,thermogravimetric analysis,scanning electron microscopy,gel permeation chromatography and rheometer.Experimental results suggested an optimum molding temperature and an optimum fiber ratio for the preparation of the composite as 170 ℃ and 100/30,respectively.However,when the molding temperature reached 210 ℃,the straw fiber was seriously carbonized,and its surface silicon layer peeled off.In this case,the interface strength between the fiber and resin was reduced,but a compact network structure was formed by the fiber,which might enhance the absorption of impact energy.The relative molecular weight of ABS decreased with increasing the molding temperature,thus improving its impact strength.When the molding temperature and fiber content was set at 170～190 ℃ and 30～40 phr,respectively,the fiber straw achieved a good dispersion in the matrix was brilliant,thus leading to better mechanical properties for composites.
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