In this article the latest lignin modification research of in-situ compatibilizing technology and chemical modification: sulfonation, oxidation, phenol chemical, hydroxylation, amination, graft copolymerization modification were reviewed; Reseach progress in application of the lignin in thermoplastic plastics such as polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), poly (vinyl chloride) (PVC), and thermosetting plastics such as phenolic resin (PF), epoxy resin, urea formaldehyde resin (UF), polyurethane (PU) was introduced. The existing problems and development trend of the technology also were analyzed.%综述了近几年来木质素改性方法中的木质素原位增容技术和磺化改性、氧化改性、酚化改性、羟基化改性、胺化改性、接枝共聚改性等化学改性方法；介绍了木质素在聚乙烯（PE）、聚丙烯（PP）、聚氯乙烯（PVC）等热塑性塑料和酚醛树脂（PF）、环氧树脂、脲醛树脂（UF）、聚氨酯（Pu）等热固性塑料中的应用研究进展，并对其存在的问题与技术的发展趋势进行了分析。
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