Screening suitable companion crops is an effective solution for vegetable continuous cropping obstacle in greenhouse production.To explore the companion effect of cereal crops on tomato rhizosphere,we monitored the responses of soil enzyme activities,microbial and root-knot nematodes in the root zone to tomato companion with barley,wheat and rice using pot experiments.The results showed that the activities of soil urease,protease and invertase were increased after companion growth with barley,wheat and rice for 30,40 and 50 days.In the intercropping of barley and wheat,rhizosphere bacteria and actinomycetes were significantly increased while the fungi abundance was significantly decreased.The number of second-stage juveniles (J2) and egg density of Meloidogyne spp.in tomato rhizosphere was significantly lower than the control.Fifty days after companion growth,the reduction rate ofMloidogyne spp.J2 by barley,wheat and rice was 74.81％,42.64％ and 45.74％ respectively,while the loss rate of egg density was 51.29％,35.57％ and 29.86％ respectively.Taken together,companion growth of cereal crops increased soil enzyme activities,improved the community composition of soil microbes and suppressed invasion of root knot nematodes in tomato rhizosphere,among which barley is the most promising companion crops in greenhouse tomato production.%筛选合适的伴生作物是解决连作障碍的有效手段之一,本试验采用盆栽方法研究了3种禾本科作物伴生对番茄根区土壤酶活性、微生物数量及根结线虫发生的影响.结果表明:大麦、小麦、水稻伴生30、40、50 d均提高了番茄根区土壤脲酶、蛋白酶和蔗糖酶活性;同时,大麦、小麦伴生处理土壤中细菌、放线菌数量均显著增加,而真菌数量显著降低.伴生栽培第50天时,大麦、小麦、水稻处理番茄根区土壤中根结线虫二龄幼虫的虫口减退率分别为74.81％、42.64％和45.74％,卵密度减退率分别为51.29％、35.57％和29.86％.综上,禾本科作物伴生番茄可以提高根区土壤酶活性,改善微生物结构,降低根结线虫的发生,其中以大麦伴生栽培效果较好.
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