Introduction Vocabulary is one of the indispensable components of the language system, and researchers have found that there exists a close relationship between vocabulary and other components in a language system. However, vocabulary is thought to be the most difficult component of language knowledge for a learner to grasp. Gorman (1979) pointed out that there was evidence showing that as students become more proficient in a second language, problems caused specifically by syntactical variation become less significant (cited in Crow and Quigley, 1985: 499). That is to say, vocabulary becomes a major problem in the
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