Gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) is the most common mesenchymal tumor of the gastrointestinal tract, which is thought to be insensitive to radiotherapy, so radiotherapy is rarely used in GIST.At present, studies have shown that GIST is not generally resistant to radiotherapy and radiotherapy related side effects of grade 3 or above occur at a low incidence, so application of the appropriate dose of radiation to a large extent can relieve symptoms and improve local control rate.As the first choice for non-surgical treatment towards advanced GIST, tyrosine kinase inhibitor can enhance the radiotherapy sensitivity by inhibiting ERK signal transduction pathway and excessive expression of RAD51 protein, attenuating DNA damage repair.The combined use of radiotherapy and tyrosine kinase inhibitor may increase clinical benefit.In this article, the current application of radiotherapy in gastrointestinal stromal tumors and research progress were reviewed.%胃肠道间质瘤(GIST)是胃肠道最常见的间叶源性肿瘤,既往认为其对放疗不敏感,故放疗在GIST中应用极少.目前有研究表明,GIST并非普遍抗拒放疗,且3级及以上放疗毒副反应发生率较低,给予适当剂量的照射能在很大程度上缓解症状,提高局部控制率.作为目前晚期GIST非手术治疗的首选药物,酪氨酸激酶抑制剂可以通过抑制ERK信号传导通路和RAD51蛋白的过度表达,减弱DNA的损伤修复,从而增加放射敏感性.放疗和酪氨酸激酶抑制剂的综合应用可能增加临床获益.本文就目前放疗在GIST中的应用及研究进展作一综述.
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