目的 探讨大学生儿童期心理虐待、忽视与社会性体格焦虑的关系及负面身体自我的中介作用.方法 于2015年12月,采用整群随机抽样法在陕西省抽取3所大学的全日制大学生500例.采用儿童心理虐待与忽视量表(CPANS)测量个体儿童期心理虐待、忽视状况;采用负面身体自我量表(NPSS)测量个体对自己身体的消极认知、消极情感体验和相应的行为调控状况;采用社会性体格焦虑问卷(SPA)测量个体社会性体格焦虑状况.共发放问卷500份,回收有效问卷463份,有效回收率为92.6％.负面身体自我在大学生儿童期心理虐待、忽视与社会性体格焦虑关系中的中介效应分析采用分层多元线性回归分析.结果 463例大学生中,227例(49.0％)儿童期存在心理虐待,252例(54.4％)儿童期存在心理忽视.儿童期是否存在心理虐待的大学生负面身体自我的胖、矮、相貌、整体得分及总分和社会性体格焦虑的社会比较的不安、自我表现的不舒适、他人评价的担忧得分及总分间差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05).儿童期是否存在心理忽视的大学生负面身体自我的胖、矮、相貌、整体得分及总分和社会性体格焦虑的社会比较的不安、他人评价的担忧得分及总分间差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05),而社会性体格焦虑的自我表现的不舒适得分间差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).大学生儿童期心理虐待、忽视得分与负面身体自我的胖、矮、相貌得分及总分和社会性体格焦虑的社会比较的不安、自我表现的不舒适、他人评价的担忧得分及总分呈直线正相关(P＜0.05),而与负面身体自我的整体得分无直线相关关系(P＞0.05).儿童期心理忽视得分是大学生社会性体格焦虑得分的影响因素(β=0.400,P＜0.05),能够解释社会性体格焦虑得分15.5％的变异;儿童期心理忽视得分是大学生负面身体自我得分的影响因素(β=0.424,P＜0.05),能够解释负面身体自我得分17.5％的变异;儿童期心理忽视、负面身体自我得分是大学生社会性体格焦虑得分的影响因素(β值分别为0.192、0.490,P＜0.05),二者能够解释社会性体格焦虑得分35.0％的变异.结论 儿童期心理忽视、负面身体自我能正向预测大学生社会性体格焦虑,且负面身体自我在二者之间起部分中介作用.%Objective To explore the relationship of psychological abuse,neglect during childhood and social physical anxiety of college students and the mediating roles of negative physical self.Methods A total of 500 full-time undergraduates were selected from three universities in Shaanxi Province in December,2015 by using cluster random sampling method.Childhood psychological abuse and neglect scale was used to test the childhood psychological abuse and neglect situation;and the negative physical self scale (NPSS) was applied to measure the negative cognition,negative emotional experience and corresponding behavioral regulation of the individual.Social physical anxiety questionnaire (SPA) was adopted to measure the social physique anxiety of the individual.A total of 500 questionnaires were distributed,463 valid questionnaires were recovered and the effective response rate was 92.6％.The mediating roles of negative physical self in the relationship of psychological abuse,neglect during childhood and social physical anxiety of college students were analyzed by hierarchical multiple linear regression analysis.Results Among the 463 undergraduates,227 (49.0％) had psychological abuse and 252 (54.4％) had psychological neglect during childhood.There was significant difference in the score of subitems fatness,shortness,looks and whole appearance as well as the total score in the negative physical self item,and the score of subitems anxiety under social comparison,self-expressed uncomfortableness and worry from others' evaluation as well as the total score in the social physique anxiety item among undergraduates with or without psychological abuse during childhood (P ＜ 0.05).There was significant difference in the score of subitems fatness,shortness,looks and whole appearance as well as the total score in the negative physical self item,and the score of subitems anxiety under social comparison and worry from others' evaluation as well as the total score in the social physique anxiety item among undergraduates with or without psychological neglect during childhood (P ＜0.05),while there was no significant difference in the score of self-expressed uncomfortableness (P ＞ 0.05).The score of psychological abuse and neglect during childhood of undergraduates was linearly positively correlated with the score of subitems fatness,shortness,and looks as well as the total score in the negative physical self item,and the score of subitems anxiety under social comparison,self-expressed uncomfortableness and worry from others' evaluation as well as the total score in the social physique anxiety item (P ＜ 0.05),while not linearly correlated with the score of whole appearance in the negative physical self item (P ＞ 0.05).The score of psychological neglect during childhood was the influencing factors of social physique anxiety scores of undergraduates (β =0.400,P ＜0.05),which could explain variance of 15.5％ in social physique anxiety score;the scores of psychological neglect during childhood was the influencing factors of negative physical self scores of undergraduates (β=0.424,P ＜ 0.05),which could explain variance of 17.5％ in negative physical self scores;the scores of psychological neglect and negative physical self during childhood were the influencing factors of social physique anxiety scores (β =0.192,0.490 respectively;P ＜ 0.05),both could account for variance of 35.0％ in social physique anxiety scores.Conclusion Childhood psychological neglect and negative physical self can positively predict undergraduates' social physique anxiety,and negative physical self play a mediating role between them.
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