目的 调查湖北省十堰市社区35岁及以上居民心血管疾病(CVD)流行现状及相关影响因素,为CVD预防提供依据.方法 采用分层多阶段随机抽样方法,2013年8-10月在十堰市向符合纳入与排除标准的居民发放问卷1 388份,回收有效问卷1 379份,有效回收率为99.35％.调查内容包括一般人口学资料、生活方式和行为(包含吸烟、饮酒、饮食、体力活动等)、相关的体格检查(身高、体质量、血压、血脂等)、CVD患病情况(包括高血压、高脂血症、慢性心力衰竭、冠心病、其他类型心脏病).采用非条件单因素及多因素Logistic回归分析CVD影响因素.结果 1 379人中,检出CVD 642人(46.56％),其中高血压490人(35.53％),高脂血症273人(19.80％),慢性心力衰竭19人(1.38％),冠心病17人(1.23％),其他类型心脏病36人(2.61％).男性与女性高脂血症、冠心病、其他类型心脏病检出率比较,差异均无统计学意义(P＞0.05);男性高血压检出率高于女性,慢性心力衰竭检出率低于女性(P＜0.05).多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,年龄、饮酒、肥胖与CVD患病有回归关系(P＜0.05).结论 十堰市社区35岁及以上居民CVD检出率尤其是高血压检出率较高,可能与居民不健康的生活方式有关,社区机构应做好该类疾病的宣传教育及防治工作,控制CVD的患病.%Objective To study the prevalence and associated factors of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in community -dwelling residents aged 35 years or over in Shiyan city,Hubei province,so as to provide an evidence for the prevention of CVD.Methods This study was conducted between August and October 2013.The initially enrolled participants were 1 388 community-dwelling residents selected from Shiyan by stratified multistage random sampling.The survey achieved a response rate of 99.35％ (1 379/1 388).A questionnaire was used to survey them,which covered the demographic data,lifestyle,daily habits (smoking prevalence,alcohol prevalence,diet habit and physical activity prevalence),physical examination (height,weight,blood pressure,blood fat and so on),prevalence of CVD (hypertension,hyperlipidemia,chronic heart failure,coronary heart disease and other types of heart disease).Unconditional univariate and multivariate Logistic regression analyses were performed to investigate the associated factors for CVD.Results Of the 1 379 final participants,the prevalence of CVD,hypertension,hyperlipidemia,chronic heart failure,coronary heart disease and other types of heart disease was 46.56％ (642/1379),35.53％ (490/1 379),19.80％ (273/1 379),1.38％ (19/1 379),1.23％ (17/1 379),and2.61％ (19/1 379),respectively.No sex-specific differences were found in the prevalence of hyperlipidemia,coronary heart disease and other types of heart disease (P ＞ 0.05).Males had higher prevalence of hypertension but lower prevalence of chronic heart failure than females (P ＜ 0.05).Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that age,alcohol consumption and obesity were significantly associated with the prevalence of CVD (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion The prevalence of CVD,especially the prevalence of hypertension,is high in community-dwelling residents in Shiyan,which may be related to the unhealthy lifestyle of them.Therefore,in order to control the prevalence of CVD,the health education related to CVD and the prevention and treatment of CVD should be done well by the local community institutions.
展开▼
