Background Health and longevity are our permanent pursuit with the improvement of living standards and preventing the occurrence of hypertension and other chronic disease is an important measure. Objective To know about the blood pressure and the dysarteriotony detection rate of Uygur natural longevity families in Xinjiang. Methods 562 persons from 52 Uighur natural longevity families and 608 persons from 61 Uighur non - longevity families in Hetian region of Xinjiang from January to March in 2015 were chosen randomly. Blood pressure was measured and dysarteriotony detection rate was calculated. Results The SBP,DBP and the dysarteriotony detection rate of longevity families were lower than those of non -longevity families(P < 0. 05). The SBP,DBP of natural longevity families were positively correlated with age( r = 0. 506, 0. 401;P < 0. 001). The SBP and DBP of non - longevity families were positively correlated with age too(r = 0. 719,0. 415;P < 0. 001). The dysarteriotony detection rate of natural longevity families was positively correlated with age(rs = 0. 365,P <0. 001). The dysarteriotony detection rate of non - longevity families was positively correlated with age( rs = 0. 468,P <0. 001). The DBP of males in natural longevity families was lower than that of non - longevity families(P < 0. 05). The SBP, DBP and dysarteriotony detection rate of females in natural longevity families were lower than those of non - longevity families(P< 0. 05). The DBP of people aged 0 - < 10 and 40 - < 50 from natural longevity families was lower than those of non - longevity families(P < 0. 05). The SBP,DBP and dysarteriotony detection rate of people aged 50 - < 60,60 - < 70 and 70 - < 80 of natural longevity families were lower than those of non - longevity families(P < 0. 05). The SBP and dysarteriotony detection rate of people aged 80 - < 90 of natural longevity families were lower than that of non - longevity families( P < 0. 05 ) . Conclusion The blood pressure and dysarteriotony detection rate of Uygur natural longevity families in Xinjiang are significantly lower than those of non - longevity families,especially women and people older than 50 years old.%背景随着生活水平的改善，健康长寿成为人类长久的追求，而预防高血压等慢性病的发生则是其重要措施。目的了解新疆维吾尔族自然长寿家系血压水平及血压异常检出率情况。方法2015年1—3月简单随机抽取新疆和田地区52个维吾尔族自然长寿家系人群共562例及61个维吾尔族非长寿家系人群共608例为研究对象，测量其血压水平并计算血压异常检出率。结果自然长寿家系收缩压、舒张压及血压异常检出率较非长寿家系低（ P <0.05）。自然长寿家系收缩压、舒张压与年龄呈正相关（r 值分别为0.506和0.401，P <0.001）；非长寿家系收缩压、舒张压与年龄呈正相关（r 值分别为0.719和0.415，P <0.001）。自然长寿家系血压异常检出率与年龄呈正相关（ rs=0.365，P <0.001）；非长寿家系血压异常检出率与年龄呈正相关（rs =0.468，P <0.001）。自然长寿家系男性舒张压较非长寿家系低（P <0.05）；自然长寿家系女性收缩压、舒张压及血压异常检出率较非长寿家系低（P <0.05）。自然长寿家系0~<10岁、40~<50岁舒张压较非长寿家系低（P <0.05）；自然长寿家系50~<60岁、60~<70岁、70~<80岁收缩压、舒张压及血压异常检出率较非长寿家系低（P <0.05）；自然长寿家系80~<90岁收缩压及血压异常检出率较非长寿家系低（P <0.05）。结论新疆维吾尔族自然长寿家系血压水平及血压异常检出率明显低于非长寿家系，尤其在女性及50岁及以上更明显。
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