神经内分泌肿瘤是起源于神经内分泌系统的一组异质性肿瘤群，可发生在身体的各个部位，但原发于泌尿系统的神经内分泌肿瘤较为罕见。而小细胞神经内分泌肿瘤是其中一类分化较差的神经内分泌肿瘤。本文将从临床病理特征、诊断及鉴别诊断、治疗及预后等方面对泌尿系统小细胞神经内分泌肿瘤进行综述，以提高临床对该类肿瘤的认识和诊治水平。%Neuroendocrine tumor ( NET ) belongs to a group of heterogeneous tumor, it originates from neuroendocrine system and can occur anywhere on the body, but NET which originates from the urinary system is relatively rare. Small cell NET is a kind of NET with poor differentiation.In this article, the clinicopathological features, diagnosis and differential diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of small cell NET of the urinary system were reviewed, thus the understanding and treatment level of this disease can be improved.
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