目的：分析艾滋病发热患者的中医证候特点、分布规律及中医病因病机，为艾滋病发热患者的中医临床辨证论治提供参考。方法仔细查阅“五省中医药治疗艾滋病项目”河南地区艾滋病患者的病历资料，根据纳入标准选择合格患者72例，应用 SPSS 16.0软件进行统计分析，归纳中医证候特点及病因病机。结果艾滋病发热患者发热的证候分布以气血亏虚证、气虚外感证、风寒侵袭证、五脏气血阴阳虚证最为常见；病性分布以虚证最为多见，共33例（45.8％）。主成分分析结果显示特征值大于1的因子数目有8个，对总方差的累积贡献率为63.274％，能较好地反映艾滋病发热患者的中医证候特点及病因病机。结论以发热为主要临床表现的艾滋病患者，病性虚实并见但以虚证为多，外因主要为风、热、湿之邪，且以湿热之邪为主，内因为气阴不足。临床可以依据提取出的8个症状和体征相关的因子进行早期诊治。%Objective To analyze the TCM syndrome characteristics,distribution,etiology and pathogenesis of AIDS patients with fever to provide a reference for TCM clinical diagnosis and treatment of AIDS patients with fever. Methods This study reviewed the data of HIV infectors/ AIDS patients in 〝 Five Provincial TCM Treatment of HIV/ AIDS Project〝 and enrolled 72 qualified cases according to inclusion criteria. This study used SPSS 16. 0 software to perform statistical analysis to summarize its TCM syndrome characteristics,etiology and pathogenesis. Results The syndrome distribution of AIDS patients with fever were commonly syndrome of deficiency of Qi and blood,syndrome of exogenous disease due to Qi deficiency,wind - chill invasion syndrome,five viscera Qi and Yin and Yang deficiency syndrome;in disease nature distribution,deficiency symptom complex was the commonest(totally 33 cases,45. 8% ). Principal component analysis showed that 8 factors were greater than 1, the accumulating contribution rate to total variance was 63. 274% ,well reflecting the TCM syndrome characteristics,etiology and pathogenesis of AIDS patients with fever. Conclusion In AIDS patients with fever as the main clinical manifestation,deficiency and excess of disease nature both appear but deficiency is commoner. The external causes are mainly the pathogenic factors of wind,heat,damp,mainly that of damp. The internal cause is deficiency of both Qi and Yin. Clinicians can carry out early diagnosis and treatment based on the factors related to the extracted 8 symptoms and signs.
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