食管癌（噎膈）的根本病理机制是血液衰耗，胃脘干槁。瘀血、痰阻、逆气只是其不同阶段派生的不同表现，而非噎膈之本质。以甘润濡养立法的启膈散，从食管癌的本质着眼，在临床上发挥着重要作用。但因启膈散中应用了理气、化瘀、祛痰之品，造成了很多医者对启膈散的认识出现了偏差。故笔者还原启膈散甘润濡养之本质，并总结其基础研究和临床应用。%The basic pathogenesis of esophageal cancer( dysphagia)is Blood deficiency and Yin deficiency of stomach. Blood stasis,stagnation of phlegm,and inverse gas just are different manifestations in different stages rather than the essence of dysphagia. Qigesan,which is based on the theory of Ganrun Ruyang,focuses on the essence of dysphagia,plays an important role in clinic. Because there are drugs which can regulate the flow of vital energy and remove obstruction toit,drugs which can remove stasis,and drugs which can eliminate phlegm in Qigesan,a lot of doctors have inaccurate perceptions of Qigesan. Based on the literatures of traditional Chinese medicine,we believe that the essence of the Qigesan is Ganrun Ruyang, and summarize the basic and clinical studies for the Qigesan.
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