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>Primary Health Care -基础医疗卫生服务应该在中国新医改中得到正确理解和全面实施
Primary Health Care -基础医疗卫生服务应该在中国新医改中得到正确理解和全面实施
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摘要
英文“primary health care”（PHC）-基础（基本）医疗卫生服务这个概念在中国被错误地理解和翻译成“初级卫生保健”已经有半个多世纪。而专科医疗则被认为是“先进的高级医疗服务”。这种对 PHC 的错误理解渗透到中国政府和医疗卫生各个部门，在国家的医疗卫生服务宗旨和宏观发展战略决策中造成广泛的影响，如政府的卫生政策制定，医疗服务保障制度建立，医疗卫生基础设施布局，以及医疗卫生服务专业人才队伍的培养等。本文全面阐述了 PHC 的概念在中国是如何被错误地理解并被翻译成中文“初级卫生保健”的，并从多个角度分析为什么这样理解和翻译是不合理的和错误的：“primary”和“health care”英文单词的基本含义，关于综合性 PHC 的概念，全球PHC 的正反历史经验和上述错误理解对中国医疗卫生服务的发展以及对整个社会造成了部分伤害。中国正在进行的以基础医疗卫生服务为中心的新医改已经取得了很大的前期进展，但是也面临着一系列困难和挑战，包括对基础医疗卫生服务这个概念还存在广泛而根深蒂固的错误理解。我们希望医疗卫生领域的学者、医疗卫生专业人员和政府部门的官员能够充分理解和接受 PHC -基础医疗卫生服务这个正确概念，消除“初级卫生保健”错误观念在发展中国基础医疗卫生服务事业中的各种影响，促进新医改的健康发展，使广大人民群众能真正享受到新医改的好处。%The English concept " primary health care" (PHC)has been misunderstood and wrongly interpreted in Chinese as" entry level health care" [初级卫生保健]for more than a half century. On the other hand,specialty care was considered " advanced health care" . This misconception of PHC permeated the government and the health care field with many negative consequences for China's vision of health care and development strategy,in areas such as government policy - making, health care financing,infrastructure planning,and health care workforce training. This article elucidates how PHC has been misconstrued and translated into " entry level health Care" in China and why it is a wrong interpretation of the PHC concept from various angles,including the basic English meaning of " primary" and " health care" ,the concept of comprehensive PHC, the global PHC experience,and the harmful consequences of the misconception in China's PHC development and in society at large. China's current new health care reform towards a PHC - centered health system has made significant early achievements,but also faces huge challenges,including the widespread and ingrained misconception of PHC. It is hoped that academic scholars in the health care field,medical professionals,and officials in the government gain clearer insight into the PHC concept and rectify its harmful effects on PHC development in various sectors,and promote advancement of meaningful health care reform applicable to the masses.
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