目的：测算养老机构独立生活区护理人员工作量，确定该区护理人力资源配置标准。方法采用方便抽样法抽取2014年10—11月在天津市某养老机构独立生活区工作的16名养老护理员和2名护士，采用工时测算法测算其护理工作量，并应用人力配置常用公式，计算该区护理人力资源配置标准。结果在护理员提供的护理服务中，直、间接护理时间比较，差异无统计学意义（t ＝0.862，P ＝0.400）；在护士提供的护理服务中，直接护理时间明显少于间接护理时间，差异有统计学意义（ t ＝-3.193，P ＝0.003）。养老机构独立生活区每名护理员每年上班天数为211.5 d，每名护士每年上班天数为242.0 d。养老机构独立生活区老年人与养老护理员、护士的实际配比分别为1∶0.0509和1∶0.0165，理想配比分别为1∶0.0661和1∶0.0389。结论应用工时测算法能够科学测算护理工作量，进而计算合理的人力配置标准。该养老机构独立生活区护理人力资源配置比例偏低，可通过规范护理工作流程、界定护理人员工作范畴及合理分配直、间接护理时间，适当增加护理人员数量等予以改进。%Objective To formulate allocation standards of nursing human resources by measuring workload of nursing staff in independent living unit of geriatric nursing homes. Methods Using convenience sampling method,16 nursing assistants and 2 registered nurses who worked in the independent living unit of a geriatric nursing home in Tianjin from October to November,2014 were enrolled and investigated. Working hour measuring method was used to calculate nursing workload,and human resource allocation formula was used to work out the allocation standard of nursing human resources. Results For the nursing services provided by nursing assistants,there was no significant difference(t = 0. 862,P = 0. 400) between average direct and indirect nursing time;while for the nursing services provided by nurses,average direct nursing time was significantly less than average indirect nursing time(t = - 3. 193,P = 0. 003). In independent living unit,the average working - days per year of one nursing assistant was 211. 5 days ,and 242. 0 days in nurse. In independent living unit,the practical ratios of aged people to nursing assistants and nurses were 1∶ 0. 050 9 and 1∶ 0. 016 5 respectively,while the desired ratios were 1∶ 0. 066 1 and 1∶ 0. 038 9. Conclusion Nursing workload can be determined scientifically by working hour measuring method,by which allocation standard of nursing staff can be calculated. At present,the ratio of aged people to nursing human resources in this nursing geriatric home is lower than desired ratio,which can be improved by standardizing nursing working process,defining working scope of nursing staff,equitably distributing direct and indirect nursing time and increasing the number of nursing staff properly.
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