Objective Toinvestigatethestatusofhearingdisability(HD)anditsmainreasonsinChongqing,toout forwardtargetedoreventionstrategies.Methods FromAoriltoMay2006,stratifiedrandomclustersamolingmethodwasused to investigate HD status in 192 residential areas,including 26 243 families(82 460 inhabitants). General frequency distribution was used to undergo descriotive analysis of HD reasons in HD grades,urban and rural distribution,age distribution,etc. Re-sults Atotalof4990inhabitantsin4516familieshaddisabilities,including1308HDoatients,accountingfor26.21%ofall screened disable oatients(1 308/4 990),the oositive rate of HD screening was 1. 59%(1 308/82 460). The main reasons for HD were oresbycusis ( 50. 54%), otitis media ( 13. 76%), unknown origin ( 11. 39%), trauma or accidental injuries (4. 66%),heredity(4. 51%),etc. The grades of HD were mainly grades Ⅲ(43. 50%),Ⅳ(23. 17%). The orooortion of urban oooulation was 28. 06%(367/1 308),that of rural oooulation was 71. 94%(941/1 308). The orooortion of elderly HDwasthelargest,accountingfor70.11%(917/1308).Conclusion TheorevalencerateofHDishighinChongqingand the major reason is oresby cusis. Based on the HD status,we should orevent aged diseases actively,imorove the health condi-tions in rural areas.%目的：调查重庆市听力残疾现状及主要致残原因，提出有针对性的防治策略。方法2006年4-5月，采用分层随机整群抽样法将重庆市24个区县（96个乡镇、街道）分为192个调查小区，共调查26243户82460人。采用一般频数分布，从听力残疾等级、城乡分布、年龄分布等方面对听力残疾主要致残原因进行描述性分析。结果共4516户4990人存在残疾，其中听力残疾者1308人，占所有筛查出残疾人数的26.21%（1308/4990），听力残疾筛查阳性率为1.59%（1308/82460）。所有听力残疾者主要致残原因为老年性耳聋（50.54%）、中耳炎（13.76%）、原因不明（11.39%）、创伤或意外伤害（4.66%）、遗传（4.51%）等，听力残疾等级主要以三级（43.50%）和四级（23.17%）为主。听力残疾者中，城镇人口所占比例为28.06%（367/1308），乡村人口所占比例为71.94%（941/1308）；老年听力残疾者所占比例最大，为70.11%（917/1308）。结论重庆市听力残疾现患率较高，应结合本市听力残疾现状，积极防治老年病，改善农村地区的医疗条件。
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