Objective To investigate the current situation of antibiotics use in the treatment of infantile bronchial pneumonia in a grade three class A hospital in Chenzhou with the hope to evaluate the curative effects of different drugs. Methods A total of 242 infant bronchial pneumonia inpatients ( without complications ) in a grade three class A hospital in Chenzhou were selected, with the use of antibiotics in these patients retrospectively studied. Time - effect analysis for different antibiotics was done using Kaplan - Meier method. Results Fourteen kinds of anti - bacterium drugs were used in 242 cases of infant bronchial pneumonia ( without complications ), among which β - lactam antibiotics were mostly used. The use of oxacillin and cefodiz-ime sodium accounted for 19. 8% and 18. 6% of total frequency respectively. The use of azithromycin was also frequent ( 21. 1% ). Most cases ( 83. 5% ) employed only one kind of antibiotics. The effect of oxacillin was better than others in treating infant bronchial pneumonia according to Kaplan - Meier analysis. Conclusion β - lactam antibiotics are the most commonly used drug in treating infant bronchial pneumonia; azithromycin is also frequently used. The use of strong, broad spectrum antibiotics calls for more attention. Kaplan - Meier analysis could be used in the comprehensive evaluation of drug efficacy.%目的 调查郴州市某三甲医院婴幼儿支气管肺炎患儿抗生素的使用情况,并对其疗效进行初步评价.方法 选择郴州市某三甲医院婴幼儿支气管肺炎(无合并症)住院患儿242例,对其抗生素使用情况进行回顾性调查,并对不同的抗生素用药组运用Kaplan-Meier法进行时间效应分析.结果 242例婴幼儿支气管肺炎患儿共使用14种抗生素,使用最多的为β内酰胺类抗生素,其中的苯唑青霉素和头孢地嗪钠的使用占到总频数的19.8%和18.6%.大环内酯类抗生素阿奇霉素使用也较多,占到总频数的21.1%.用药以单用抗生素为主(83.5%).Kaplan-Meier分析,结果显示不同用药组平均治愈时间比较差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论 目前治疗婴幼儿支气管肺炎以β内酰胺类抗生素为主,阿奇霉素也得到了广泛应用.高效、广谱抗生素的广泛使用应引起重视.Kaplan-Meier分析可更全面地评价不同药物的疗效.
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