As the main income source of the farmers, grain price is crucial to the overall income of farmers throughout the year, which is the key to maintain the basic living standard of the farmers. Based on the analysis of the history of China′s grain prices′ fluctuations, this article introduced the structure of the farmers′ income, and discussed the effects of the food price volatility on farmers′income. The results showed that the effect of grain price fluctuations on farmers′ income mainly concentrated as the following three aspects: first, the fluctuations in food price could increase or decrease the level of farmers′income;second, the drop of food price would stimulate the in-crease of non-agricultural income;third, the fluctuations in food price had little impact on the price of industry products. Finally, the paper put forward some strategies to make food prices stable, which included strengthening government guidance, accelerating the process of agricultural industrialization, establishing and improving the long-term mechanism, strengthening the construction of grain circulation system, etc. The results of the study will provide a theoretical reference for the food security and the increase of farmers′income.%粮食价格对农民收入至关重要，是农民维持基本生活的重要保证。文章在分析我国粮食价格波动的历史轨迹的基础上，阐述了农民收入的构成，并对粮食价格波动对农民增收造成的影响进行研究。结果表明：粮食价格波动会影响农民收入水平，进而影响农民的农业生产积极性；粮食价格下降，会促进非农就业的工资收入，进而提升农民收入水平，粮食价格波动对相关工业品价格上涨的影响较小。并从加强政府引导、加快农业产业化进程、建立健全粮食价格稳定长效机制、加强粮食流通体系建设等方面提出稳定粮食价格的关键策略，以期为我国粮食安全及农民增收提供一定的理论参考。
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