该研究以北京市昌平区1993、2001、2007年三期的土地利用现状图为基础,利用GIS技术计算了各种土地利用类型的面积变化和相互之间的转换情况,了解到各种土地利用类型面积变化的原因.分析了土地利用类型生态服务价值的损益.研究表明:(1) 1993年到2001年,土地利用类型之间的转换较为频繁,2001年到2007年,变化程度相对较少,但各种用地类型向建设用地转换的面积较高.(2)昌平区生态系统服务价值总体稳定,但是从1993年到2007年,生态服务价值总值持续降低,幅度不大.由1993年23.9亿元,降低到2001年的22.7亿元,2007年又降低到21.6亿元.(3)在昌平起主要生态作用的用地类型是林地,并且其生态服务价值总值和比例是增加的,耕地面积的减少是该区生态系统服务功能丧失的最主要原因.今后应严格控制耕地向建设用地的转换.加强对昌平区生态和环境保护力度,促进其经济社会可持续发展.%Taking Changping district in Beijing as a study area,this paper calculated the change and conversion of land use types using GIS technology based on the land use map of 1993 ,2001 and 2007 ,and the reasons were also discussed.Then,the profit and loss on ecosystem services value based on land use change in Changping district was analyzed.The result showed; First,land use types changed frequently from 1993 to 2001,which the conversion land from other land use types to construction land was high from 2001 to 2007.Second,the ecosystem services value decreased gradually from 1993 to 2007,which was 2.39 × 109 Yuan in 2003,and decreased to 2.27 × 109 Yuan in 2001 and 2.16 × 109 Yuan in 2007.Third,the most important ecological land use type in Changping district was forest,which had an increased total ecosystem services value and proportion from 1993 to 2007.The decrease of cultivated land was the most important reason for the loss of the total ecosystem services value in Changping district.In a long way,the government should control the conversion form cultivated land to the construction land and protect the ecological environment to promote the sustainable economy development.
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