Objective:To observe the histomorphological changes of the burned bone using the optical or electron microscopy and to approach its forensic application. Methods:The femurs of 30 adults incinerated at 200-1 000℃ for 1 hour in normal pressure were observed under a light microscope (LM) and a scanning electron microscope (SEM). Results:Both the interstitial lamella and osteon were identifed by the LM or the SEM. With increasing of temperature, the Haversian canaliculus became obscure, the bone lamella fused gradually and affiliated with densely concentrated canalis centralis and Volkmann tunnel, more participate lumps appeared. Bone cells gradually decreased, disappeared and wrinkled to round, oval and granular shapes. Bone wall thickness shrinked from 70 μm to 46 μm, the central canal diameter decreased from 35 μm to 20 μm, Harvard's system circumference was in 570-420 μm, and Volkmann's diameter was in 22-17 μm. Cracks was increasing at 400℃ and becoming wide, width at 10-28 μm, and radially arranged as the center of the central tube crack. Conclusion:The surface color of burned bones can reflect the approximate temperature of incineration and estimate the persisting of bone cells. Histological changes of the burned bone observed using LM or SEM images can be used as the basis forensic judging information.%目的:运用光学、电子显微镜观察烧骨组织形态变化特征,探讨其法医学应用价值.方法:对常压下以200℃～1 000℃焚烧1h的30例成人股骨组织学进行光学显微镜、扫描电子显微镜观察和测量.结果:光学、扫描电子显微镜图像中均可辨别出骨单位、间骨板组织.随温度升高,哈佛氏系统渐模糊,骨板渐融合,中央管、Volkmann氏管周围浓染,颗粒块状物增多,骨小梁不规则.骨细胞渐减少、消失并皱缩为圆形、卵圆形、颗粒状.骨墙厚度由70 μm收缩到46-μm,中央管直径在35～20 μm,哈佛氏系统周长在570～420μm,Volkmann氏管直径在22～17 μm.裂纹出现于400C,并随着温度升高；逐渐增多、增宽,以中央管为中心呈放射状排列,裂宽在10～28 μm.结论:烧骨表面颜色可反映焚烧时的大致温度并可估计骨细胞存留状况.运用LM、SEM图像观察烧骨组织学变化可作为烧骨判定的基础资料.
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