Purpose To investigate the comparison of miR-106a in fresh and paraffin-embedded tissues and its expression in precan-cerous 1esions of gastric cancer. Methods Human gastric cancer tissues inc1uding 30 coup1es of fresh and 40 coup1es of paraffin-em-bedded samp1es were co11ected,quantitative rea1-time PCR was used to detect the expression of miR-106a in these two samp1es. Anoth-er paraffin-embedded samp1es inc1uding 20 cases of precancerous 1esions and 40 cases of gastric adenocarcinoma were a1so co11ected,in situ hybridization was used to assess the expression of miR-106a in these stages. Results The re1ative expression of miR-106a in fresh tissues was 3. 25 ± 1. 99,in paraffin-embedded tissues was 3. 18 ± 2. 14,indicating that the expression of miR-106a in these two sam-p1es has no statistica1 difference(P>0. 05),corre1ation ana1ysis showed that there was a significant corre1ation of miR-106a expression in these two samp1es(rs =0. 998,P0.05），两组样本miR-106a的表达具有显著相关性（rs =0.998，P<0.001）。在胃癌前病变阶段可以检测到miR-106a的表达，阳性率为70%，阳性颗粒位于不典型增生的上皮细胞内，呈深蓝色细颗粒状物；胃癌组织中miR-106a的阳性率为87.5%，阳性表达范围和强度较癌前病变明显扩大和增强。结论胃癌新鲜组织和石蜡组织中miR-106a的表达呈显著正相关，应用石蜡组织检测miR-106a在胃癌前病变中出现的早期表达变化，可以为胃癌的早期诊断提供有价值的信息。
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