The traditional chemical preparation processes of energetic materials have many drawbacks:insufficient supply of raw materials,severe environmental pollutions,diverse by-products and poor manufacturing safety.Bio-synthesis can overcome the disadvantages of traditional chemical routes,which is required by the development of this field.This review summarized recent advances in biological production of energetic materials and their precursors, with special emphasis on the biosynthetic pathway of polyols and aromatic compounds and the current production levels.The bio-nitrification technology was discussed and the future trends of bio-based energetic materials were also put forward,with 49 references.%传统的化学法制备含能材料普遍存在原料供给不足、环境污染严重、副产物多、过程安全性差的问题。生物合成技术能够克服传统化学合成技术所存在的缺点，是含能材料制备领域技术变革的共性迫切需求。本文综述了生物法制备含能材料及其前驱体的最新进展，重点介绍了多元醇类和芳香族类含能材料前驱体的合成路线及目前的技术水平，探讨了生物硝化技术的现状，对未来生物法制备含能材料的发展方向进行了展望。附参考文献49篇。
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