为了探索以水为介质从复合固体推进剂中浸取高氯酸铵(AP)的动力学过程,分析了AP在水中的浸取过程,比较了不同浸取温度和试样厚度条件下AP的浸取平衡分离常数及其回收率,用SEM观察了浸取后的推进剂试样内部结构.结果表明,浸取速率常数随温度提高和推进剂试样厚度的减小而增大.浸取温度及试样厚度一定时,速率常数是定值,浸取速率方程符合一级动力学方程.从复合固体推进剂中浸取AP的动力学过程是以推进剂内部的水和AP扩散为主的内控制扩散过程.%In order to investigate the dynamic process of ammonium perchlorate(AP) leaching from composite solid propellant by using water as solvent,the extraction process of AP with water was analyzed. Equilibrium separation factor and recovery ratio of AP were compared at different temperatures and specimen s thickness. The internal structure of the dissolved propellants was observed by SEM. The results show that as temperature decreases and specimen's thickness increases,leaching-rate coefficient increases. Leaching-rate is a constant under certain temperature and specimen's thickness. Leaching-rate equation is consistent with first order dynamic equation. Leaching AP from composite solid propellants is an internal diffusion process that controlled by diffusion of water and ammonium perchlorate in the propellants.
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