创伤性脑损伤(traumatic brain injury,TBI)是指机械性外力作用于头部时发生的损伤,导致一个或者多个病变,如颅内损伤、神经病学或者神经心理学改变、意识障碍或者死亡.TBI可因直接打击、缺血缺氧性脑损伤、炎性介质、细胞因子及氧自由基等机制诱发神经元死亡.TBI发生发展过程中产生了大量生物分子标志物,深入研究TBI后生物分子标志物的变化及其规律,对法医学鉴定及临床治疗都有重大意义.本文结合相关文献概述了TBI相关生物分子标志物的研究进展,为寻找更精确的与TBI诊断相关的生物分子标志物提供参考依据.%Traumatic brain injury (TBI) occurs when a mechanical force imposed onthe head result in one or more pathological changes,such as cerebral injury,neurological and neuropsychological damages,disturbance of consciousness,andeven death.Neuronal cell death could be induced by the following mechanisms,such as direct attack,hypoxic-ischemic brain injury,inflammatory mediators,cytokines and oxygen free radicals after TBI.A large number of bio-molecular markers are generated during the development of TBI.An intensive study of the change regularity of biomarkers after TBI is of important significance for medicolegal expertise and clinical therapy.This review summarized the research progress of bio-molecular markers associated with TBI,in order to provide a reference for more precise selection of bio-molecular markers of TBI.
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