目的：探究小檗碱对脑出血SD大鼠脑水肿及血肿周围脑组织中低氧诱导分子-1α（HIF-1α）与血管内皮生长因子（VEGF）表达水平的影响。方法将104只健康成年SD大鼠随机分为假手术组、脑出血组和小檗碱治疗组。采用注射未凝自体动脉血的方法建立脑出血模型，小檗碱治疗组大鼠于造模后腹腔注射小檗碱溶液40 mg/kg，假手术组、脑出血组大鼠腹腔注射等体积的0.9%氯化钠溶液。采用免疫组织化学法检测脑出血后不同时间点血肿周围脑组织中HIF-1α和VEGF的表达情况，并应用干湿比重法测定脑组织的含水量。结果①脑出血组及小檗碱治疗组大鼠的HIF-1α、VEGF阳性表达率均显著高于假手术组（P＜0.05），小檗碱治疗组大鼠的HIF-1α、VEGF阳性表达率均明显低于脑出血组（P＜0.05）。②脑出血后，HIF-1α和VEGF阳性表达率随时间延长进行性增加，并于术后72小时达到高峰；同一时间点，小檗碱治疗组大鼠HIF-1α、VEGF的表达明显低于脑出血组（P＜0.05）；HIF-1α表达与VEGF表达呈正相关（r＝0.564，P＜0.01）。③脑组织含水量呈进行性增加且于术后72小时达到高峰；同一时间点，小檗碱治疗组大鼠的脑组织含水量明显低于脑出血组（P＜0.05）。结论小檗碱可以显著减少脑出血后脑组织的含水量，降低血肿周围组织中HIF-1α和VEGF的表达，促进脑损伤的修复。%Objective To explore the effects of berberine on brain edema and expression levels of HIF-1αand VEGF in rats with cerebral hemorrhage. Method A total of 104 healthy adult SD rats were randomly divided into sham operation group, cerebral hemorrhage group and berberine treatment group. The model of cerebral hemorrhage was established in rats by intracerebral injection of autogenous blood. In berberine treated groups, berberine was injected everyday after cerebral hemorrhage. Rats in sham operation group and cerebral hemorrhage group were given equal volume of 0.9%sodium chloride solution. The expression of HIF-1αand VEGF in rats brain tissue around hematoma were detected by SP immunohistochemical method. The expression of HIF-1αand VEGF were compared with the degree of brain edema at different time points after cerebral hemorrhage. Determined the water contents in brain tissues by dry wet weight method. Result①The positive expression rates of HIF-1αand VEGF in cerebral hemorrhage group and berberine treatment group were significantly higher than sham operation group (P < 0.05). The positive rates of HIF-1αand VEGF in berberine treatment group were less than cerebral hemorrhage group (P<0.05).②After cerebral hemorrhage, the positive expression rate of HIF-1 and VEGF increased with the time, and reached the peak at 72 hours after operation. At the same time, the expression of HIF-1αand VEGF in berberine treatment group was significantly lower than cerebral hemorrhage group (P<0.05);the expression of HIF-1αwas positively correlated with VEGF (r=0.564, P<0.01).③The water content of brain tissue increased and reached the peak at 72 hours after operation. The water contents of brain tissue in berberine treatment group were lower than cerebral hemorrhage group (P < 0.05). Conclusion Berberine can significantly reduce brain edema after cerebral hemorrhage, and reduce the expression of HIF-1αand VEGF in the tissue around the hematoma.
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