自上世纪八十年代以来,A型肉毒毒素(BTX-A)已广泛应用于肌肉痉挛性疾病的治疗,主要是神经病学、眼科学、美容医学、疼痛学等领域.近来,越来越多的实验表明,BTX-A 用于消化道平滑肌运动障碍性疾病的治疗是有效的,尤其是治疗贲门失迟缓症和肛裂的研究开展得最为广泛.而将BTX-A应用于病态肥胖领域的新研究,近年来也取得了初步成效.本文描述了BTX-A应用于消化道平滑肌功能失调方面的作用原理、使用方法、适应证、副反应等,同时也比较了BTX-A与其他方法的不同.%Since 1980's, botulinum toxin has been employed for the treatment of various voluntary muscle spastic disorders. Botulinum toxin has been proved to be effective in the therapy of dyskinetic smooth muscle disorders of the gastrointestinal tract. Achalasia and anal fissure are the gastrointestinal disorders in which botulinum toxin therapy has been most extensively investigated. More recently, the new research in the therapy of pathologic pathosis obesity is beginning. This article described the mechanism of action, rationale of employment, indications and side-effects of botulinum toxin application in smooth muscle disorders of the gastrointestinal tract, and compared the results of different techniques of botulinum toxin therapeutic application.
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