Objective To explore the main influencing factors on the hospitalization expense of old cancer patients and provid the theoretic evidences for the reasonable control of the unduly rapid increase of medical expense and reducing patients' burden. Methods 41 954 old cancer patients in two hospitals from 2002 to 2009 in Nantong were investigated. The influencing factors of hospitalization expense were analyzed by pathway analysis. Results The main influencing factors were as follows; hospital stay, medical results, whether or not surgery, the year of medical treatment, cancer types, careers, the patients' sex, the patients' ages, complications and the expense payment forms. Hospital stay was the critical influencing factor which directly effected on the hospitalization expense. Medical results, whether or not surgery, the year of medical treatment, careers etc. Had not only direct effects but also indirect effects to the hospitalization expense. Conclusions Comprehensive measures should be taken to control the growth of patients' hospitalization expense.%目的 探讨影响老年恶性肿瘤患者住院费用的主要影响因素,为合理控制医疗费用的过快增长及减轻患者经济负担提供理论依据.方法 收集江苏省南通市两家医院2002～2009年8年间共计41 954例老年恶性肿瘤患者的住院费用,通径分析其影响因素.结果 影响住院费用的主要因素有住院天数、转归情况、是否手术、住院年份、癌种、职业、性别、年龄、有无并发症以及付费方式等.住院天数是直接影响住院费用的最主要因素；转归情况、是否手术、住院年份、职业等因素既可直接影响住院费用,又可通过住院天数间接影响住院费用.结论 应采取综合措施有效控制恶性肿瘤患者住院费用的过快增长.
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