目的 了解高血压患者用药依从性的状况及其影响因素,分析高血压患者用药依从性与自我效能的关系,为今后开展干预提供参考.方法 采用整群随机抽样的方法,2015年1-2月在上海市黄浦区抽取1121名高血压患者进行问卷调查,问卷内容包括人口学特征、高血压防治知识、自我报告式用药依从性评价表、高血压患者自我效能评价表等.结果 调查对象用药不依从、部分依从、依从性好的人数分别为105人(9.4％)、566人(50.5％)和450人(40.1％),自我效能低水平、中等水平、高水平的人数分别为26人(2.3％)、147人(13.1％)和948人(84.6％),性别、工作状态是影响调查对象用药依从性的主要因素,调查对象的自我效能水平与用药依从性具有直接的关系(r =0.16,P＜0.01).结论 高血压患者用药依从性与自我效能水平紧密相关,在社区高血压健康管理中,应重视自我效能对改善高血压患者用药依从性的关系,并开展针对性的干预.%Objective To investigate the medication adherence and its influencing factors of hypertensive patients,and to explore the association of medication adherence and self-efficacy.Methods In January to February 2015,using the method of random cluster sampling,1121 patients with hypertension were investigated in Huangpu District by questionnaires including demographic characteristics,hypertension prevention and control knowledge,self-reported medication adherence assessment questionnaire,self-efficacy assessment scale for hypertension,and other factors.Results Among 1121 patients with hypertension,the number of medication nonadherence,medium medication adherence and high medication adherence were 105 (9.4％),566 (50.5％) and 450 (40.1％) respectively.The number of self-efficacy level low,medium and high were 26 (2.3％),147 (13.1％) and 948 (84.6％).Gender and working state were main factors influencing medication adherence.There was a direct correlation between self-efficacy and medication adherence (r =0.16,P ＜ 0.01).Conclusion Medication adherence is closely related to self-efficacy in patients with hypertension.More attention should be paid to self-efficacy in order to improve medication adherence of hypertensive patients,and targeted interventions should be carried out in community-level hypertension management.
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