Objective To understand the current situation and characteristics of occupational exposure(OE)among health care workers(HCWs),and provide basis for making preventive measures.Methods Self-designed question-naire about OE was adopted,OE among all HCWs in a hospital in January-December 2015 were surveyed and statis-tically analyzed.Results A total of 1888 HCWs were surveyed,there were 304 cases of OE,the mean OE rate in the whole hospital was 16.10%;OE occurred 370 times(19.60%).Doctors,trainees,and HCWs who worked for≤1 year had relatively higher OE rates,which were 23.18%(102/440),17.88%(49/274),and 18.34%(95/518) respectively.Sharp injury is the main OE mode,accounting for 83.24%(n=308),sharp injuries mainly occurred before disposing the used devices and during the process of use,accounting for 37.99%(n=117)and 36.69%(n=113)respectively.Among 370 times of OE,315 could be traced to the sources of exposure.Among the known ex-posure sources,OE of bloodborne pathogens accounted for 24.13% (n=76).59 of 370 times of OE implemented complete local treatment and reporting procedures,reporting rate of OE was 15.95%.Conclusion Hospital should take comprehensive measures to promote occupational safety precaution,and reduce the incidence of OE.%目的 了解医务人员职业暴露现状和特点,为制定预防对策提供依据.方法 自行设计职业暴露问卷调查表,调查2015年1—12月全院医务人员职业暴露情况,并进行统计分析.结果 调查1888名工作人员,发生职业暴露共304例,全院平均职业暴露发生率为16.10%;发生职业暴露370例次,职业暴露例次率为19.60%.医生、进修实习人员和工作年限≤1年的工作人员职业暴露相对较高,分别为23.18%(102/440)、17.88%(49/274)、18.34%(95/518).锐器伤为主要的职业暴露方式,占83.24%(308例),发生环节以器械使用后处理前、器械使用中为主,分别占37.99%(117例)和36.69%(113例).370例次职业暴露中,可追溯到暴露源的有315例次.已知暴露源中,血源性病原体职业暴露占24.13%(76例次).370例次职业暴露中,仅59例次实施了完整的局部处理和上报程序,职业暴露上报率为15.95%.结论 该院应采取综合措施最大程度地促进职业安全防护,降低职业暴露发生率.
展开▼
