Objective To investigate the detection of respiratory tract virus from throat swabs of patients with lower respiratory tract infection(LRTI)in a hospital,so as to provide reference for clinical diagnosis and treatment. Methods Throat swabs of hospitalized children with LRTI between May 2103 and April 2014 were detected by di-rect immunofluorescence assay,infection/carriage of respiratory syncytial virus(RSV),adenovirus(ADV),influen-za virus A(IV-A),IV-B,parainfluenza virus 1(PIV-1),PIV-2,and PIV-3 in children were surveyed.Results Of 8 425 throat swab specimens of hospitalized patients,1 879 were detected virus,the total detection rate was 22.30%,detection rate of RSV was the highest (11 .31 %),followed by PIV-3(4.37%).There was no significant difference in the total detection rate of respiratory tract virus between children of different genders (P =0.051).Of all age groups,detection rate of RSV in infants and young children was the highest,the detection rates of 7 kinds of virus from preschool children were approximate,detection rate of ADV from primary school children was the high-est (37.50%).In spring and winter,children mainly infected with RSA,accounting for 62.82% and 69.88% re-spectively;in summer,PIV-3 was the predominant virus,accounting for 41 .47%,in autumn,there was little difference in the percentage of each virus.Conclusion The detection rate of 7 kinds of virus isolated from throat swabs of hospitalized children with LRTI is related to age and season;the detection rate of 7 kinds of virus from in-fants and young children is high,RSA is the main virus.%目的：了解某医院住院下呼吸道感染患儿咽拭子常见呼吸道病毒检出情况，为临床疾病诊治提供参考依据。方法采用直接免疫荧光法，对该院2013年5月—2014年4月8425例下呼吸道感染住院患儿咽拭子进行检测，了解患儿合胞病毒（RSV）、腺病毒（ADV）、流感病毒（IV）-A、IV-B、副流感病毒（PIV）-1、PIV-2和 PIV-3感染／携带情况。结果8425例住院患儿的咽拭子样本，1879例患儿咽拭子检出病毒，总检出率为22．30％，其中以 RSV 检出率最高（11．31％），其次为 PIV-3（4．37％）。不同性别患儿呼吸道病毒总检出率比较，差异无统计学意义（P ＝0．051）。婴、幼儿组 RSV 检出率最高，学龄前组各病毒检出比例相对接近，而小学组以 ADV 检出居多（37．50％）。春、冬季患儿以 RSV 感染为主，分别占62．82％和69．88％；夏季则以 PIV-3为主，占41．71％，各病毒所占比例在秋季差异小。结论下呼吸道感染住院患儿咽拭子中7种病毒检出率与年龄、季节等变化有关；婴、幼儿组7种病毒检出率高，以 RSV 为主。
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