Objective To investigate the clinical characteristics,diagnosis and therapeutic prognosis of Pneumocystis pneumonia(PCP)in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS).Methods AIDS patients with PCP were searched through computer medical record information system,clinical data were analyzed retrospectively,patients were divided into respiratory failure group (n= 1 1 )and non-respiratory failure group (n= 1 2 ),partial pressure of oxygen in arterial blood(PaO2 ),degree of blood oxygen saturation(SaO2 ),CD4+T lymphocyte,and lactate dehydrogenase(LDH) between two groups were compared. Results 23 patients generally had the symptoms of weight loss,oral leukoplakia, shortness of breath,dyspnea,fever,cough,and expectoration. PaO2 value in 23 patients was (78.65±30.85)mmHg,partial pressure of carbon dioxide(PaCO2)was (24.42±5.60)mmHg,pH value was(7.43±0.79),SaO2 was (91.16±9.55)% ;SaO2 and PaO2 in respiratory failure group was lower than non-respiratory failure group,the difference was significant (both P<0.05).Lung computed tomography (CT)scans showed bilateral pulmonary ground-glass-like change. 21 patients used compound sulfamethoxazole tablets,1 patient used compound sulfamethoxazole tablets plus clindamycin,1 patient used only clindamycin,17 patients used glucocorticoid in addition to compound sulfamethoxazole;after treatment,20 patients improved,2 died,and 1 gave up treatment.Conclusion Subacute progressive dyspnea,fever,dry cough,and lung ground-glass-like shadow are common symptoms of PCP in AIDS patients,compound sulfamethoxazole or compound sulfamethoxazole with clindamycin can be used for treatment,glucocorticoid can obviously alleviate the symptoms of patients.%目的：探讨艾滋病（AIDS）合并肺孢子菌肺炎（PCP）患者的临床特点、诊断及治疗转归。方法通过计算机病案信息系统搜索AIDS合并PCP患者，并对其临床资料进行回顾性分析，将患者分为呼吸衰竭组（11例）与无呼吸衰竭组（12例），比较两组患者动脉血氧分压（PaO2）值、血氧饱和度（SaO2）、CD4＋T 淋巴细胞及乳酸脱氢酶（LDH）。结果23例AIDS合并PCP患者常见的症状为体重减轻，口腔黏膜白斑，气促、呼吸困难，发热，咳嗽，咳痰。23例患者PaO2值为（78．65±30．85）mmHg，二氧化碳分压（PaCO2）为（24．42±5．60）mmHg，pH 值为（7．43±0．79），SaO2为（91．16±9．55）％；呼吸衰竭组SaO2、PaO2值低于无呼吸衰竭组，差异有统计学意义（均P＜0．05）。肺部CT主要表现为两肺不同程度磨玻璃样改变。21例患者使用复方磺胺甲口恶唑片抗PCP 治疗，1例使用复方磺胺甲口恶唑片＋克林霉素治疗，1例单用克林霉素治疗，17例患者加用肾上腺糖皮质激素治疗；治疗后20例患者好转，2例死亡，1例放弃治疗。结论 AIDS合并PCP患者常见症状为亚急性进行性呼吸困难、发热、干咳，肺部CT常显示磨玻璃样改变，可予以复方磺胺甲口恶唑片或复方磺胺甲口恶唑片＋克林霉素联合治疗，肾上腺糖皮质激素可明显缓解患者症状。
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