Objective To realize current status of healthcare-associated infection (HAI)in a neonatal intensive care unit(NICU)of a hospital,and evaluate the effect of comprehensive intervention measures.Methods HAI in NICU was monitored,targeted intervention measures were implemented,incidence of HAI before and after inter-vention was compared.Results The implementation rates of intervention measures at intervention stage was higher than that of pre-intervention stage,the difference was significant(all P <0.001 ).Incidence of HAI at intervention stage was lower than that of pre-intervention stage(5.64%[46/816]vs 13.45% [46/342],χ2 =20.12,P <0.001). The main infection site was lower respiratory tract (38.04% [35/92]).Incidence of ventilator-associated pneumonia and catheter-related bloodstream infection after intervention were both lower than pre-intervention stage (0.38‰ vs 3.30‰,0.12‰ vs 1 .18‰,respectively).The main isolated pathogens before and after intervention were both gram-positive bacteria,accounting for 58.09% and 51 .16% respectively.Conclusion Routine HAI monitoring can reflect the weak links in infection control practice,HAI can be controlled effectively by carrying out intervention measures.%目的：了解某院新生儿监护病房（NICU）医院感染现状，评价综合干预措施的效果。方法对该院NICU 医院感染情况进行监测，并实施针对性的干预措施，比较干预前后医院感染发病率。结果干预期各项干预措施的执行率均高于干预前，差异均有统计学意义（均 P ＜0．001）。干预期 NICU 医院感染发病率为5．64％（46／816），低于干预前期的13．45％（46／342），差异有统计学意义（χ2＝20．12，P ＜0．001）。NICU 医院感染部位以下呼吸道为主，占38．04％（35／92）。干预后呼吸机相关肺炎、中心静脉导管相关血流感染的发病率分别为0．38‰、0．12‰，均低于干预前的3．30‰、1．18‰。干预前后分离病原体均以革兰阳性菌为主，分别占58．09％、51．16％。结论常规医院感染监测能及时反映感染控制工作中的薄弱环节，通过采取干预措施能有效控制医院感染的发生。
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机译：Esiti dei Neonati di Basso peso nelle Terapie Intensive Neonatali partecipanti all'Italian Neonatal Network nel 2008.（2008年新生儿重症监护病房参加意大利新生儿网络的低出生体重婴儿的结果）。
